In this post, I will describe how to make base map in ArcMap for oceanography purpose. This base map is a map consist of coastlines; administrative boundaries, rivers and road of the country; maritime boundaries; and total sediments thickness of the world ocean; You can add any data such as bathymetry, SST etc, but in this post I only use data mentioned previously. You need to install and running ArcMap and ArcCatalog, in this excercise I use ArcMap 10.1 (ArcView) and ArcCatalog 10.1. Before create base map we need some resources data which will be described below.
Coastlines : GSHHG
The used coastlines is GSHHG data. GSHHG (Global Self-consistent, Hierarchical, High-resolution Geography Database, fromerly is GSHHS or Global Self-consistent, Hierarchical, High-resolution Shoreline Database) is a high-resolution shoreline data set from three data bases (the CIA world database WDBII, the World Vector Shoreline database and Atlas of the Cryosphere database) in the public domain. The data have undergone extensive processing and are free of internal inconsistencies such as erratic points and crossing segments. The WVS is basis for shorelines except for Antarctica while the WDBII is the basis for lakes, although there are instances where differences in coastline representations necessitated adding WDBII islands to GSHHG. The WDBII source also provides all political borders and rivers. GSHHG has two different file format, ESRI Shapefile and Binary file.
GSHHG is developed and maintained by SOEST and NOAA. GSHHG have five different geography data, they are,
- full resolution: Original (full) data resolution.
- high resolution: About 80 % reduction in size and quality.
- intermediate resolution: Another ~80 % reduction.
- low resolution: Another ~80 % reduction.
- crude resolution: Another ~80 % reduction
For futher information and download data, you can open here from SOEST website, for ArcGIS use GSHHG in ESRI shapefile format. The highest resolution coastlines is GSHHS _f_L1.shp and I use this in this excercise.
Administrative boundaries, rivers and road of the country : DIVA-GIS
DIVA-GIS provides high-resolution spatial data of administrative boundaries, Inland water, roads, railroads, climate, population, etc. This spatial data provides in country level and has shapefile format. Open DIVA sites here to download data and further infromation. Select Country and Subject then click OK to download data, in here I use administrative data of Indonesia. The administrative data has three shapefiles such as adm0 (country boundaries), adm1 (province boundaries) and adm2 (regency boundaries). Select and download other subject of roads and rivers.
Maritime Boundaries : Marine Region
Marine Regions is a standard list of marine georeferenced place names and areas. Marine Regions is an integration of the VLIMAR Gazetteer and the VLIZ Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase. It integrates and serves geographic information from the VLIMAR Gazetteer and the MARBOUND database and proposes a standard of marine georeferenced locations, boundaries and regions. Click download menu, you’ll find data such as Exclusive Economic Zones Boundaries (EEZ), IHO Sea Areas,Marineregions: intersect of EEZ's and IHO areas, Marine and land zones: the union of world country boundaries and EEZ's, Marine Heritage Sites, FAO Fishing Areas, Large Marine Ecosystems of the World, etc. Choose and download EEZ data here.
Total sediments thickness of the world ocean : NGDC
A digital total-sediment-thickness database for the world's oceans and marginal seas is high-resolution data gridded with a grid spacing of 5 arc-minutes by 5 arc-minutes, this data compiled by the NOAA National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC). Download data here, select data for ArcGIS file.
After download all data needed, extract in one folder. Open ArcCatalog 10.1. On the left side find Folder Connections, right click and select Folder connections, navigate to extracted folder data.
Next : ArcGIS for Ocean : How to Make Base Map in ArcMap (Part 2)
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